You probably shouldn’t install Windows 10 on your primary PC. But, if you are going to, you should at least install it in a dual-boot configuration. You can then reboot to switch between your installed versions of Windows.
Be sure you have backups of your important files before doing this. You shouldn’t lose your files if you follow this process, but a mistake or bug could cause you to lose them. Better safe than sorry!
UPDATE: if you haven’t installed Windows 10 on your PC before, you’ll probably have to perform an upgrade first before you can clean install. If this doesn’t make any sense, that’s because Microsoft never makes licensing easy, even when there’s a free version.
Resize Your Windows 7 or 8 Partition to Make Space
First, you’ll need to make space for Windows 10 on your hard drive. If you have two different hard drives in your computer and one of them is empty, you can skip this part. But you’ll probably want to install Windows 10 alongside Windows 7 or 8 on the same hard drive.
Whether you’re using Windows 7 or 8, you can use the Disk Management utility to do this. Press Windows Key + R, type diskmgmt.msc into the Run dialog, and press Enter to launch it.
Locate your system partition — that’s probably the C: partition. Right-click it and select “Shrink Volume.” If you have multiple partitions on your hard drive, you could also choose to resize a different partition to free up space.
Shrink the volume to free up enough space for your Windows 10 system. Microsoft says Windows 10 has the same system requirements as Windows 8, and the 64-bit version of Windows 8.1 requires at least 20 GB of hard drive space. You’ll probably want more than that.
After shrinking the partition, you can continue the process.
Download Windows 10 and Boot the Installer
Download a Windows 10 ISO file and either burn it to a DVD or make a bootable USB flash drive. Microsoft’s Windows USB/DVD Download Tool still works well, and will let you image a Windows 10 ISO file onto a USB drive.Leave the DVD or USB drive in your computer and reboot. It should automatically boot into the Windows 10 installer. If it doesn’t, you may need to change the boot order in your BIOS. If you have a Windows 8 computer that comes with the newer UEFI firmware, you’ll need to use Windows 8’s advanced boot menu to select your USB drive or DVD drive when you boot your computer.
Go through the Windows 10 installation process normally. Select your language and keyboard layout and then click “Install now.”
After agreeing to the license agreement, click the “Custom: Install Windows only (advanced)” installation option. Upgrading would upgrade your existing Windows 7 or 8 system to the Windows 10 Technical Preview. Custom lets you install Windows 10 alongside an existing copy of Windows.
You’ll be taken to the “Where do you want to install Windows?” screen, which handles partitioning. You’ll see an “Unallocated Space” option here, assuming you resized your existing Windows partition to free up space earlier. Select it and click New to create a new partition in the empty space.
A Size box will pop up asking how big you want the partition to be. By default, it will take up all the available unallocated space, so just click Apply to create a new partition using all that space.
The Windows installer will create a new partition and select it for you. Click Next to install Windows 10 on that new partition
Windows will finish installing normally without asking you any more questions.
Choose Between Windows 10 and Windows 7 or 8
You’ll now be able to choose between Windows 10 and Windows 7 or 8 when you boot your computer. To switch between them, restart your computer and select your desired version of Windows in the boot menu.
Click the “Change defaults or choose other options” link on this screen to change the options. From here, you can choose the Windows operating system you want to boot by default and control how long the operating system selection will appear before it automatically boots that default version of Windows.
Both versions of Windows use the NTFS file system, so you can easily access your files from whichever version of Windows you’re using. You’ll see your other Windows drive appear with its own drive letter in File Explorer or Windows Explorer. You can right-click a drive and select Rename to give it a more descriptive label, like “Windows 10″ or “Windows 7.”
If you want to dual-boot Windows 10 and Linux, you should install Windows 10 first and install your Linux distribution of choice afterwards. That’s the ideal way to set up any Windows and Linux dual-boot configuration — Linux will install the GRUB2 boot loader and set it up so you can choose whether to boot Linux or Windows when you boot your PC. If you install Windows 10 afterward, it will install its own boot loader and ignore your Linux system, so you’ll have to restore the GRUB2 boot loader..
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